Abstract
The article addresses the teaching of medicine at the Universidade de Coimbra in the sixteenth century, framing it within the Portuguese and European context and highlighting the contributions of the institution's key professors - Enrique de Cuellar, Tomás Veiga, Alfonso de Guevara, and João Bravo Chamisso - along with their main works. Following a historical overview, the study analyzes the reforms of Dom Manuel I and Dom João III, the role of anatomy in the renewal of medical studies, the relation with the Discoveries, the obstacles raised by the Inquisition, medical practice at hospitals, and, lastly, the decline of medical teaching. Although they did not teach at Coimbra, reference is made to the two greatest names in sixteenth-century Portuguese medicine: Amato Lusitano and Garcia da Orta.
Highlights
Based on a review of the key literature, this article presents an overview of the evolution of medical teaching at the University of Coimbra during the sixteenth century
Lisbon was a city of sharp contrasts, where people lived amidst wealth and poverty, extravagance and debauchery, and where the native born mingled with foreigners from all corners of Europe and the world, in some cases having come to replace those who had left in the frenzy of the Discoveries (Mea, 2002; Azevedo, 1984)
Of the various works attributed to him, the most notable is “Liber de oculo” (Hispano, n.d.; Smith, Cardoso, 2008), an ophthalmological treatise presenting a prescription said to have been used by the Italian Renaissance painter Michelangelo, and Thesaurus pauperum, a book that includes information on contraception (Hispano, 1576; Cruz Pontes, 1972; Pereira, 1973)
Summary
Received for publication in March 2012. Approved for publication in September 2012. Translated by Diane Grosklaus Whitty. RODRIGUES, Isilda Teixeira; FIOLHAIS, Carlos. Medical teaching at the Universidade de Coimbra in the sixteenth century. História, Ciências, Saúde – Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro. Disponível em http://www.scielo.br/ hcsm.
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