Abstract
The thyroid is na endocrine gland, subject to hormonal stimulation, that is, by the hormone TSH, which is synthesized by the pituitary gland and sent to the thyroid via the bloodstream, thus synthesizing the hormones T4 (thyroxine) and T3 (triiodothyronine), which are responsible for control metabolic functions. Dysfunctions can occur such as hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, which are associated with factors such as pregnancy, aging, autoimmune disease and drug interactions with a certain type of drug, all of which can disrupt hormonal levels. Excessive or insufficient production of thyroid hormones can cause pathologies secondary to thyroid dysfunction. Therefore, knowledge about the proper functioning of the thyroid gland is essential, seeking to preserve homeostasis and, subsequently, a better quality of life for the patient. The diagnosis, that in both conditions, serum levels of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormone are essential for this, and treatment are essential for the patient to lead a normal life. The objective was to carry out a literature review on general aspects of the clinical complex arising from thyroid disorders, addressing the respective diagnosis and treatment.
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