O CAMPO TÉRMICO NA ZONA OESTE DO RIO DE JANEIRO/RJ: UMA CONTRIBUIÇÃO AO ESTUDO DO CLIMA URBANO

Abstract

The aim of this work was to analyze the urban climate of Rio de Janeiro/ RJ West Zone (Planning Area 5) focused on the analysis of its termic field, supported on methodological reference of Urban Climate System. Supported on the hypotheses “urban evolution and increase of termic averages” and the “probable disposition of West Zone in making heat islands” were make analyses of temperature evolution of meteorological station data in Praca XV, Campo dos Afonsos, Bangu and Santa Cruz degrees made in field, in summer and winter using fixed and movables transects. The results more general point to a increase in station termic averages, up to 1oC, mainly in Praca XV and Bangu, stations with quantity of data more expressive. In degrees made using fixed and movable, the heat island with maximum intensity exceeded 6oC and was located transects in Campo Grande neighborhood, while the cold island remained in shore Barra de Guaratiba neighborhood. In movable degrees were identified in Bangu lowland heat island nuclei hotter than in Santa Cruz lowland. With the results conclude that the urban space products and the attributes of place were responsible for evolution and tendency of termic averages and for configurations of heat and cold islands. In perspective of contributing to the planning guidelines to West Zone was made a climatic synthesis called “urban topoclimatic units of West Zone” based on climatic data produced in field and a great number of elements of the use of the urban soil (demographic density and constructed density, tipology of the use of the soil and vegetal cover). The units define the Bangu lowland like the hotest area in all study area, with main prominence to neighborhood of Campo Grande, classified like D unit (temperature higher than 28oC). In the other extreme, the neighborhood of Barra de Guaratiba is defined like the most amenable area in West Zone, classified like A unit (temperature lower than 25oC).