Abstract
The southwest Pacific region represents a large area of the globe that is under-represented in palaeomagnetic secular variation databases. Reliable data from the region are however crucial in constructing reliable global models and master records that can be used for palaeomagnetic and archaeomagnetic dating. NZPSV11k.2023 and NZPSV1k.2023 are the result of many years of work during which the palaeomagnetic records and age control of several sequences of lacustrine sediments have been developed and refined, and during which volcanic and archaeomagnetic records have been collected. The New Zealand Holocene record presented here, NZPSV11k, combines continuous records of declination and inclination from multiple sediment cores from each of three lakes, each sequence being independently dated by radiocarbon estimates and/or tephrochronology. The relative palaeointensity record from one of the lakes has been calibrated and added. All records are referenced to 40°S, 175°E. The resulting record differs significantly from the predictions of global models that do not incorporate data from the region. NZPSV11k shows periods of regular, but aperiodic, moderate amplitude directional swings between 11,250 and 8000 BP and between 4000 BP and the present, but lower amplitude variations during the interim 4000 years. NZPSV1k is a separate, high-resolution, full-vector record covering the past millennium. It combines data from the New Zealand geomagnetic observatory, calculations from the gufm1 model, lake sediment data and palaeointensities from archaeological hāngī (Māori earth oven) stones.It is recommended that the three individual lake sediment records are incorporated separately in future global models of the geomagnetic field, while NZPSV11k and NZPSV1k will be valuable in dating Holocene and recent materials carrying a palaeomagnetic direction and/or intensity.
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