Abstract
The effect of ammonization was evaluated with urea at doses of 1, 2, 3 and 4%, on the basis of dry matter (DM) on Tifton 85 hay harvested at an advanced stage of development in the periods of 30 and 45 days, through analysis of dry matter, ash, ether extract (EE), neutral (NDF) and acid (ADF) detergent fiber, NDF corrected for ash and protein (NDFap), cellulose, lignin, crude protein (CP), acid detergent insoluble nitrogen (ADIN), fractionation of carbohydrates and in vitro gas production (Parameters: V f1 , k 1 , V f2 , k 2 and L). The variables DM, EE, NDF, ADF, lignin, cellulose, NDFap, fraction A + B1, fraction B2 and C of carbohydrates, and the V f1 and V f2 parameters were influenced by treatments (p < 0.05). While DM, NDF, NDFap, fraction A + B1, C, CP and V f2 showed linear effects according to the dose, NIDA and hemicellulose presented quadratic effects. V f1 and V f2 were also influenced by the treatment period. The ammonization with 2.7% urea on the basis of DM promotes improvement of Tifton 85 hay treated for 45 days, observed after derivation of the regression equation and evaluation of the nutritional and kinetic degradation in vitro .
Highlights
Haymaking is a process that consists of the dehydration of the forage, in order to conserve and use it during the period of pasture shortage
The nutritive value of forage decreases as the plant ages, due to the reduced crude protein content and increase in Neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and lignin contents (Dean, Adesogan, Krueger, & Littell, 2008)
There are several methods that optimize the use of low quality forages (Hassan, Nisa, Shahzad, & Sarwar, 2011), such as chemical treatments using urea, which have been used with the aim of improving the nutritional characteristics of forage (Nguyen, Wanapat, Khejornsart, & Kongmun, 2012), allowing the use of a plant harvested at advanced stages of development for use in animal feeding
Summary
Haymaking is a process that consists of the dehydration of the forage, in order to conserve and use it during the period of pasture shortage Some factors such as: forage species and climatic conditions directly interfere with dehydration efficiency, and the faster the dehydration, the greater the preservation of the nutrients of the plant. There are several methods that optimize the use of low quality forages (Hassan, Nisa, Shahzad, & Sarwar, 2011), such as chemical treatments using urea, which have been used with the aim of improving the nutritional characteristics of forage (Nguyen, Wanapat, Khejornsart, & Kongmun, 2012), allowing the use of a plant harvested at advanced stages of development for use in animal feeding. This study was realized to evaluate the nutritional value of Tifton 85 hay harvested at an advanced stage of development, ammoniated with urea doses and two treatment periods
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