Abstract
This study was conducted in 2018, at Technical College of Applied Sciences, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Kurdistan Region-Iraq. The aim of the study was to determinate nutritional compositions and some elemental contents in marketable white button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) that is collected in local markets of Kurdistan Region-Iraq. Five different samples (A: Penjwen product fresh, B: Sulaimani product fresh, C: American caned, D: Valencia Netherlandcaned and E: Erbil product fresh) were collected to be observed. The elements were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry methods, and their chemical compassions were determined, too. The collected data were analyzed by One Way ANOVA. The highest fat, protein, fiber and dry matter were obtained from treatment B (3.93%, 43.693%, 15.8% and 10.611%) respectively, and the highest carbohydrate and moisture were found from treatment D (49.267% and 95.053%). The maximum percentage of ash was taken from E (14.11%). Moreover, the highest metabolizable energy was taken from treatment D (296.105 kcal %) and the lowest was taken from parameter E (223.097 kcal %). The highest mineral contents (Zn:15, Mn:1.1, Cu:3.5, Ni:1, Ca:6.7 and Mg:90 ppm) from B, (Fe:15 ppm) from C, (Si:350ppm) from A, and (Na:1080 ppm) from D were taken. However, the lowest elemental contents (Fe:6, Mn:0.48, Ni:0.6, Na:180 and Ca:3.5 ppm) from E, (Zn:5, Cu:0.9 and Mg:35 ppm) from D and B (Si:120 ppm) were taken. Therefore, we recommend carrying out more studies on micronutrients for different marketable crops and consuming fresh mushroom instead of caned mushrooms.
Highlights
Agaricus bisporus, an edible mushroom, belongs to the family of Basidiomycetes, and it is saprophytic, which decomposes agricultural waste and wooden plant [1, 2]
The highest metabolizable energy was obtained from treatment D (296.105 kcal %) and the lowest was achieved from parameter E (223.097 kcal %)
Cultivated mushroom is a good resource of human nutrition and is proved to have different kinds of minerals
Summary
An edible mushroom, belongs to the family of Basidiomycetes, and it is saprophytic, which decomposes agricultural waste and wooden plant [1, 2]. Most of the resent studies have regarded approximately (53- 110 thousand) of total species of mushroom, but only about 2000 species are recognized, and 60 species are commercially acceptable [3]. A long time ago, mankind has consumed mushroom as food [2, 4]. Today, human is consuming mushroom for some reasons such as food, health, and human disease [1, 2, 5]. Button mushrooms is a common product in the world, its production has rapidly increased day by day [6]. In 2016, consumed mushroom is around 450,000 metric tons from the US, a proximately 12% of mushroom exported and 1% of that imported [7, 8]
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