Abstract
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the incidence of Crohn’s disease. Despite significant medical progress, the treatment options available today do not meet the needs of all patients. Recent reports indicate that external environmental factors, including diet, are key in the pathomechanism of the disease. It was proven that the so-called Western dietary pattern is associated with an increased risk of disease. In the pediatric population, exclusive enteral nutrition is the only nutritional therapy option recommended today with proven high efficacy in inducing remission. Recent publications that indicate at least comparable efficacy and significantly better tolerability of a specialised elimination diet, the Crohn’s Disease Exclusion Diet (CDED), provide the basis for a change in recommendations. This article discusses the mechanism of action, principles of use, and scientific evidence evaluating the efficacy of CDED in the treatment of children with Crohn’s disease.
Highlights
Recent publications that indicate at least comparable efficacy and significantly better tolerability of a specialised elimination diet, the Crohn’s Disease Exclusion Diet (CDED), provide the basis for a change in recommendations
This article discusses the mechanism of action, principles of use, and scientific evidence evaluating the efficacy of CDED in the treatment of children with Crohn’s disease
The CDED diet is a new generation of nutritional therapy—in its initial stages, aimed at inducing remission, it involves a combination of partial enteral nutrition (PEN) with selected natural diet products
Summary
One of the key factors that can negatively impact the delicate immune balance between the microbiome and the intestinal mucosa is diet [6,7,8] This concept is supported by the results of studies in cellular and animal models as well as epidemiological studies, which indicate a positive correlation between the so-called “Western” dietary pattern and increased risk of CD [6,9,10]. It was proved that exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is more effective in inducing deep remission than systemic steroids [13,14] This form of treatment has a beneficial effect on the nutritional status and bone mineral density, often impaired by the disease, and is free of side effects. The purpose of this article is to discuss the mechanism of action and protocol of the CDED diet as well as the results of scientific reports supporting its efficacy in the treatment of CD in the pediatric population
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