Nutritional synergy: optimizing growth in Siruvidai chicken via diverse dietary energy and protein strategies and gene expression analysis - brooder phase.

Abstract

Nutrient supply regulates overall body growth directly or indirectly through its influence on regulatory factors optimizing nutrient requirements becomes crucial before embarking on genetic improvements. Hence this study addresses this gap by evaluating the effect of feeding varying energy and crude protein levels on growth performance and gene expression related to the growth of indigenous Siruvidai chicken from 0 to 12 weeks. A 360-day-old straight-run Siruvidai chick were randomly distributed into six experimental groups with three replicates of each 20 chicks. The birds were fed corn-soy-based diets formulated with two levels of energy (2500 and 2700kcal ME/kg) each with three levels of crude protein (16, 18, and 20%) during the brooder stage (0-12 weeks) in 2 × 3 factorial design. Results revealed that there was no significant effect on the energy and protein interaction levels on average feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio in Siruvidai chicken at 12 weeks. The results showed significantly (P < 0.05) lower feed intake in 18% protein fed groups and significantly (P < 0.01) lower feed intake in higher energy 2700kcal ME/kg fed groups. A better feed conversion ratio (4.06 and 4.21) was observed on the effect of protein levels in bird diets with 18% and 20% protein fed groups. The Growth Hormone (GH) and Myostatin (MSTN) gene expression were significantly (P < 0.01) higher in 16% CP and 2500kcal ME/kg in hepatic tissue. The high protein and low energy diet up-regulated the Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) gene expression in hepatic tissue. The study concluded that Siruvidai chicken fed with 18% crude protein and 2500kcal ME/kg is optimum for 0-12 weeks of age.