Nutritional status of digestive surgery treated in Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar

Abstract

Introduction: One way to assess nutritional status is to use a more comprehensive subjective global assessment (SGA) format and a structured clinical approach that reflects metabolic and functional changes. Knowing the nutritional status of patients with digestive surgery is essential for comprehensive patient therapy. In this study, we used the SGA assessment to compare the nutritional status of digestive surgery patients treated at the admission and discharge time. Methods: This research is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional research design. The population of this study was digestive surgery patients at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital for the period August-September 2022. Univariate analysis and Wilcoxon test were carried out to compare the nutritional status outcomes at admission and discharge in digestive surgery patients at our institution. Results: It was found that 101 patients were mainly in the old adult age group (40-59 years) of 46 patients, most of whom were male, the most diagnosed with colorectal cancer, and 81 patients were sent home. Based on SGA at discharge, the most were SGA B with 46 patients, SGA C with 30 patients, and SGA A with 25 patients. The Wilcoxon statistical test was carried out, and statistically, there was no significant difference between the nutritional status at admission and discharge (p=0.162). Conclusion: Malnutrition or nutritional risk was present in a large percentage of hospitalized patients upon admission. These patients' nutritional risk and status remained low upon discharge, highlighting the need for follow-up monitoring and the application of suitable nutrition interventions to enhance patients' quality of life and long-term health outcomes. In general, there was no statistically significant difference between nutritional status assessed by SGA at the time of admission and discharge from the hospital.