Abstract
ABSTRACT Water reuse is an important practice in water resource management especially in arid and semi-arid areas. The objective was to evaluate the mineral composition and boll weight of upland cotton (cultivar BRS 335) plants under fertigation with domestic sewage effluent and phosphate fertilization. An experiment was carried out using randomized block design in a 3 × 2 factorial scheme with six repetitions. Cotton plants were fertigated with three fertigation solutions containing domestic sewage effluent (RW) and supply water (SW) in the proportions of 100% SW - T1, 50% SW + 50% RW - T2 and 100% RW - T3, and two phosphate fertilizer managements (with and without phosphate fertilization at pre-planting). Macronutrient and micronutrient concentrations in the shoots and boll weight were measured and evaluated. Fertigation utilizing reuse water is able to supply both water and part of the nutritional demand of cotton plants. Calcium, copper, iron and zinc concentrations in cotton leaves were below the optimum range for the crop. Reuse water did not meet the total requirements of Ca, Cu, Fe and Zn of cotton, so complementary mineral supplementation with these nutrients is recommended for the crop to obtain high yield.
Highlights
Brazil is the world’s fifth largest producer of cotton (Gossipyum hirsutum L. r. latifolium Hutch), ranked after India, China, the United States and Pakistan, and the fourth largest exporter, ranked after the United States, Australia and India (USDA, 2018)
Reuse water did not meet the total requirements of Ca, Cu, Fe and Zn of cotton, so complementary mineral supplementation with these nutrients is recommended for the crop to obtain high yield
SV - Sources of variation; DF - Degrees of freedom; CV - Coefficient of variation; LSD - Least significant difference; 1Values of Pr - Fc equal to or lower than 0.05 and greater than 0.01 indicate significant difference at p ≤ 0.05 (*), values equal to or lower than 0.01 indicate significance at p ≤ 0.01 (**) and values greater than 0.05 indicate no significance. 2SW - supply water and RW - reuse water. 3Equal letters do not differ by Tukey test at p ≤ 0.05
Summary
Brazil is the world’s fifth largest producer of cotton (Gossipyum hirsutum L. r. latifolium Hutch), ranked after India, China, the United States and Pakistan, and the fourth largest exporter, ranked after the United States, Australia and India (USDA, 2018). As agriculture is an economic activity responsible for about 70% of the consumptive use of water resources (Rost et al, 2008; Bonsch et al, 2015), domestic wastewater has great potential for use in agriculture, mainly in semi-arid regions, such as the Brazilian Northeast (Ribeiro et al 2012; Barbosa et al, 2015). This use would partially release good-quality water sources for human supply and other priority uses in these regions (Abdoulkader et al, 2015; Batista et al, 2017). Besides serving as a source of water, have nutritional potential for crops of economic interest. Silva et al (2013) verified increments in production of up to 169.36% in cotton plants irrigated with reuse water, compared to those irrigated with public-supply water
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