Abstract
Executive Summary Optimal nutritional intake during childhood for prevention of chronic disease in adulthood is not clearly defined, because of a lack of information regarding the relationship of nutrient intake in childhood to the later development of chronic diseases. Thus, criteria for nutritional intake in children are based on data regarding associations of foods and nutrients with chronic diseases that have been seen among adults. Using this current body of knowledge, an evaluation of the limited data regarding the nutritional status of children and adolescents indicates that certain age and/or gender subgroups may be at increased risk of developing chronic diseases late in life, if their current nutritional intake practices are continued. While there are extensive data on children's intakes of some nutrients, such as calories, fat, and calcium, there is limited information available on dietary intake of many other foods and nutrients among children. Much work remains to be done to adequately evaluate children's nutritional intake patterns. It is essential that new and more effectively and comprehensively monitor children's dietary intake and nutrition behaviors, knowledge, and attitudes, and to utilize the information gleaned from these monitoring systems to provide effective and cost-efficient ways to evaluate dietary recommendations, implement nutrition interventions, and guide food distribution services.
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