Abstract
BackgroundSeveral factors can interfere with the full physical and emotional growth of adolescents, among them chronic diseases. The aim was to determine the nutritional status of adolescents and to associate it with puberty, pancreatic sufficiency, lung function and age range of Cystic Fibrosis (CF) diagnosis.MethodsAn observational, cross-sectional, retrospective and analytical study was conducted using the data of medical records. Setting: Reference center in the northeastern region of the state of São Paulo – Brazil. Patients: All adolescents with CF attended in 2010 were included. Some variables included: pancreatic sufficiency (steatocrit >2 %), pancreatic enzymes replacement (yes/no), pubertal status-Tanner criteria (prepubertal: M1/G1, pubertal: M2/G2 to M4/G4, postpubertal: M5/G5), age at CF diagnosis (<2 and ≥2 years of age), Lung function, measured as a predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1). Main outcome measures Nutritional indicators: body mass index for age (BMI/A) and height for age (H/A) with z-score calculated with Anthro Plus software. Cut-off reference points: ≥ z-score −3 and < z-score −2 (thinness); z-score −2 and ≤ z-score-z +1 (normal weight); >z-score +1 (overweight or obesity), and z-score <−2 (low or very low H/A). The groups were compared by the Kruskal-Wallis test. Level of significance: p < 0.05.ResultsThirty adolescents. Median (min;max) age: 14.4 (10.1;19.8) years. BMI/A and H/A z-score, respectively: early diagnosis of CF (−0.8; −1.1) or late diagnosis of CF (−0.5;-0.8); with pancreatic insufficiency (−0.7; −0.8) or without pancreatic insufficiency (−0.8; −0.5) and prepubertal (−0.8; −0.7) pubertal (−0.2; −1.5) or postpubertal (−0.7; -0.5). No significant difference (p > 0.05) was observed. Patients with and without pancreatic insufficiency, presented H/A borderline z-score (p = 0.05). Association between H/A and FEV1 was borderline (p = 0.05).ConclusionsAdolescents presented adequate nutritional status, although with slightly lower values than those of developed countries. FEV1 lower levels occurred more frequently in adolescents with low H/A.
Highlights
Several factors can interfere with the full physical and emotional growth of adolescents, among them chronic diseases
Del Ciampo et al Italian Journal of Pediatrics (2015) 41:51 obstruct the lungs, the pancreas and the bile duct. This disease requires the use of pancreatic enzymes for patients with pancreatic insufficiency and a high-protein and high-calorie diet, which are associated with better pulmonary function and longer survival [4]
The objective of the present study was to determine the nutritional status of adolescents seen at a reference center and to associate it with the periods of puberty, with pancreatic sufficiency, with pulmonary function and with the age range of Cystic Fibrosis (CF) diagnosis
Summary
Several factors can interfere with the full physical and emotional growth of adolescents, among them chronic diseases. The aim was to determine the nutritional status of adolescents and to associate it with puberty, pancreatic sufficiency, lung function and age range of Cystic Fibrosis (CF) diagnosis. Adolescence is a phase of life developing from 10 to 19 years which is characterized by an evolving period with marked body modifications and a high nutritional demand and culminating with biopsychosocial maturation [1]. This disease requires the use of pancreatic enzymes for patients with pancreatic insufficiency and a high-protein and high-calorie diet, which are associated with better pulmonary function and longer survival [4]. The objective of the present study was to determine the nutritional status of adolescents seen at a reference center and to associate it with the periods of puberty, with pancreatic sufficiency, with pulmonary function and with the age range of CF diagnosis
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