Nutritional Status, Growth and Development in Children Undergoing Intensive Treatment for Cystic Fibrosis

Abstract

Dietary intakes were measured over a period of 5 days in 36 malnourished and 36 well-nourished patients with cystic fibrosis. Both energy and protein intakes were significantly less in the malnourished patients for the two age groups studied: 4-9.99 years (p less than 0.01 for both parameters), and 10-16 years (p less than 0.05 and p less than 0.01, respectively). In both age groups and both patient groups, average protein intakes were well in excess of the recommended daily intake, but energy intake in the malnourished patients was below the recommended daily intake. Nutritional supplementation of 10 malnourished patients with a polymeric formula, infused overnight via a gastrostomy tube, resulted in a seven-fold increase in weight gain (p less than 0.001) and a doubling of linear growth velocity (p less than 0.01) over a period of 18 months, compared to the 18 months prior to gastrostomy feeding. Measurements of total body nitrogen in eight of these patients demonstrated a 38% increase in body nitrogen content over 12 months, indicating a replenishment of the protein deficit.