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Abstract
Aging is accompanied by a drop in the level of health and autonomy, within Western countries more and more people being cared for in nursing homes (NH). The nutritional data in NH in France remain poor, not exhaustive and not representative. The objective of the study was to assess the nutritional status, dementia and mobility patterns among residents of NH in the Limousin territory of France. The study was cross-sectional, descriptive and exhaustive, conducted with the residents of 13 voluntary NH. Undernutrition was identified using French High Authority for Health criteria, and obesity if Body Mass Index >30, in the absence undernutrition criterion. The Mini Mental State examination scores was used for dementia assessment at the threshold of 24. The Mini Nutritional AssessmentTM was used for mobilitity assessment. The statistics were significant at the 5% threshold. 866 residents (70.6% women) included with an average age of 85.3 ± 9.3 years. Undernutrition was 27.5%, obesity 22.9%, dementia 45.7% and very low mobility 68.9%. Women were older than men, more often undernourished, more often demented and more often had very low mobility (p<0.01). Undernutrition (p<0.0001) and low mobility (p<0.0001) were significantly higher among those with dementia versus those without dementia. Very low mobility was higher among undernourished (p<0.05). Undernutrition and obesity are important problems in NH in France. Being a woman, having dementia and having a very low mobility may induce undernutrition.
Highlights
Between 2008 and 2016, the aging of the population and the increasing dependency of the oldest people in France led to an increase of 2.7% per year in the number of nursing homes (NH) places, which in 2017 reached 605,000 [1]
The Mini Mental State examination scores was used for dementia assessment at the threshold of 24
Women were older than men, more often undernourished, more often demented and more often had very low mobility (p
Summary
Between 2008 and 2016, the aging of the population and the increasing dependency of the oldest people in France led to an increase of 2.7% per year in the number of NH places, which in 2017 reached 605,000 [1]. Undernutrition in the elderly has multiple consequences in terms of morbidity (increased risk of infection, fall, pressure ulcer, bone embrittlement, deterioration of the psychological state, reduction of autonomy and quality of life, etc.), and constitutes a risk factor for mortality in NH [2,3,4]. The prevalence of undernutrition is evaluated in France up to 10% for the elderly at home and up to 40% for residents of nursing homes [4]. Its prevalence in French NH is not known, but French data in the general population show that the prevalence of obesity increases with age, at least up to 75 years [10]. The objective of the study was to assess the nutritional status, dementia and mobility patterns among residents of NH in the Limousin territory of France
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