Abstract
Compromised oral health can alter food choices. Poor masticatory function leads to imbalanced food intake and undesirable nutritional status. The associations among nutritional status, oral health behavior, and self-assessed oral functions status were investigated using a community-based survey. In total, 701 subjects more than 50 years old living Ebina city located southwest of the capital Tokyo were investigated. The number of remaining teeth was counted by dental hygienists. Oral health behavior and self-assessed oral functions were evaluated by oral frailty checklist. Nutritional status was evaluated by the brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire using Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese as reference. More than 80% of subjects’ intakes of vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, copper, and proteins were sufficient. In contrast, only 19% of subjects’ intake of vitamin A was sufficient and 35.5% for vitamin B1. More than 90% of subjects’ intakes of vitamin D and vitamin K were sufficient. Only 35.5% of subjects’ intakes of dietary fiber were sufficient. Overall, 88.9% of subjects had excess salt. The number of remaining teeth was not correlated with nutritional intakes. Oral health behavior significantly correlated with nutritional intakes. Oral functions are important for food choice; however, oral functions were not directly correlated with nutritional intakes. Comprehensive health instructions including nutrition and oral health education is necessary for health promotion.
Highlights
Compromised oral health status can alter food choices, leading to suboptimal nutritional status.The associations among dietary practices, nutritional status, and oral health status are complex with many interrelated factors.Oral health status is associated with various diseases and quality of life
Poor masticatory function leads to imbalanced food intake and undesirable nutritional status that can lead to chronic systemic illness
The relationship between oral health and nutrition is primarily related to masticatory function, but it is complicated by other factors such as race, culture, lifestyle, and personal preferences [18,19]
Summary
Compromised oral health status can alter food choices, leading to suboptimal nutritional status. Studies on the relationship among oral health status, nutritional status, and nutrient intake other than sugar consumption are still insufficient [15,16]. The relationship between oral health and nutrition is primarily related to masticatory function, but it is complicated by other factors such as race, culture, lifestyle, and personal preferences [18,19]. The basic health policy of the Japanese government is to prevent the onset and aggravation of major noncommunicable diseases as well as frailty in older persons. Insufficient or imbalanced nutritional intake is one of the major common risk factors for the noncommunicable diseases and frailty. The number of remaining teeth was recorded, while self-assessed oral functions and nutritional intake on a community basis were investigated using BDHQ and evaluated using the Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese, respectively. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of oral frailty on nutrient intake levels and nutrient intake at a community level
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