Nutritional requirements for germination and in vitro development of three Orchidaceceae species in the southern Brazilian Amazon

Viviane Luiza Hunhoff,Celice Alexandre Silva,Ednamar Gabriela Palú,Willian Krause,Lais Alves Lage

doi:10.14295/oh.v24i2.1130

Viviane Luiza Hunhoff, Celice Alexandre Silva + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.14295/oh.v24i2.1130

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Abstract

Tissue culture is an alternative form of producing healthy, vigorous and regular plants on a large scale. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the most efficient culture medium for in vitro plantlet germination and development of three Orchidaceae species. Seeds disinfested of three species were dispersed in distilled water and dripped into basic Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial 3 x 4 (three species x four culture media), with 5 replications. Four treatments were established: (1) full-strength MS medium, with the full nutrient concentration (MSØ), (2) full-strength MS medium plus 0.3% activated charcoal (MSØ ACh), (3) half- strength MS medium (½ MS) and (4) half- strength MS medium with 0.3 % activated charcoal (½ MS ACh). Germination was evaluated after 15, 20, 25, 30, and 60 days. The shoot height, leaf number and length, root number and length of plantlets of the three studied species were assessed. In A. variegata, 73% germinated after 60 days in ½ MS ACh medium. In the same period, 100% of E. viparum and S. gloriosa seeds germinated in MSØ ACh medium. The plant height, leaf number and length, root number and length were significantly higher for the species A. variegata and E. viviparum in MSØ ACh medium. The culture media ½ MS and MSØ with addition of activated charcoal favored in vitro germination for the three orchid species of this study.

Highlights

Different species of orchids are among the commercially most exploited plants, and can be used for ornamental, food, cosmetic and medicinal purposes
This is true for the species Aspasia variegata Lindl., Epidendrum viviparum Lindl. and Schomburgkia gloriosa Rchb.f, found in the state of Mato Grosso (KOCH and SILVA, 2012), due to their high ornamental value, robustness and potential for use in hybrid production, landscaping and commercial flower production
To the flasks with seeds, 10 mL of autoclaved distilled water was added, and 1 ml of the solution with the seeds was syringed into the flasks containing 40 ml of culture medium according to the treatments

Summary

Introduction

Different species of orchids are among the commercially most exploited plants, and can be used for ornamental, food, cosmetic and medicinal purposes. The programs of breeding and reintroduction of species in their natural habitats have aroused the interest for native orchids with ornamental potential. Multiplication by mass cloning is fast and produces propagules with high levels of plant health, resulting in plants with appropriate characteristics for propagation (FIGUEIREDO et al, 2008). In this way, the tissue culture technique contributes to the preservation of the species and has a series of advantages, including the handling of a large number of plants within a short period under aseptic conditions (UNEMOTO et al, 2007)

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