Abstract
Assess the nutritional and biochemical state of patients with Alzheimer Disease (AD) compared to a control group. This is an observational, case-control and descriptive type study, based on the recruiting of 22 elderly individuals with a clinical diagnosis of AD considered as the case group, and 22 other elderly individuals considered as the control group. Evaluations were made using the results from the following scales Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), anthropometric measurements for obtaining the body mass index (BMI) and biochemical analyses. The analyses were performed on the program SPSS version 20.0, using absolute and relative measures, T test for independent samples for measurement comparisons and the Spearman correlation test. In the cognitive evaluation MMSE, those participants with AD present higher risk of cognitive decline (81.8%), greater risk of malnutrition according to MNA (45.5%) and altered levels of leptin (90.9%). Upon performing the comparison analysis between the group with AD and the control group, there existed noteworthy differences between the means for the variables MNA (4.40; BMI95% 2.75 – 6.06), MMSE (10.54; BMI95% 7.09 – 13.99) and doses of HDL (High Density Lipoproteins) (14.53; BMI95% 6.18 – 22.88). As well as differences in the p-value < 0.09 in the leptin doses (11.54; BMI95% (-24.98 – 1.89) and transferrin dose (-72.31; BMI95% -159.48 – 14.84). The Spearman correlation demonstrated that the cognitive decline in the group of senior citizens with AD was strongly associated with nutritional conditions MNA (R 0.484) and the leptin dose (R 0.590). Senior citizens with AD present worse nutritional conditions, cognitive decline and biochemical alterations when compared to senior citizens in the control group. As such, the study demonstrated the need for an integrated healthcare assistance concerning senior citizens with AD.
Highlights
Alzheimers disease (AD) is a complex condition, classified as a chronic disease that leads to a progressive loss of cognitive, intellectual functions and abilities of memory, along with the alterations of physical functions and a decline in daily activities (LIANG et al, 2018)
Highlighted from the Alzheimers group is the higher prevalence of cognitive decline (81.8%), higher nutritional risk (45.5%), altered levels of transferrin (63.6%), leptin (90.9%) and High-density lipoprotein (HDL)-C (72.7%)
The present study demonstrated a significant difference in the values for Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and minimental state examination (MMSE), which affirms that the increase in cognitive decline has a relationship with malnutrition and nutritional risk presented by patients that have AD and corroborates that found in previous studies (DOORDUIJN et al, 2019)
Summary
Alzheimers disease (AD) is a complex condition, classified as a chronic disease that leads to a progressive loss of cognitive, intellectual functions and abilities of memory, along with the alterations of physical functions and a decline in daily activities (LIANG et al, 2018). Pathological alterations of AD include the development of two distinct markers: the first, extracellular β-amyloid plaques (βA) and the second, neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) composed of hyperphosphorylated Tau proteins. These specific pathological findings accumulate in the cerebral and lead to cellular dysfunction and eventual neuronal loss, which externalize themselves as the clinical symptoms associated with AD (GRIZZANTI et al, 2016). To the accumulation of fat, heavily contributing to an increase in oxidative stress (OS), inflammation, cognitive decline and the development of cognitive diseases (DAS et al, 2019; GRIZZANTI et al, 2016). The higher adiposity in middle age seems to be associated with a higher risk of dementia, some studies suggest that overweightness and obesity in advanced age can even be a protection against the risk of dementia (DAS et al, 2019; SALA FRIGERIO et al, 2019)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
