Nutritional diversity and food potential of indigenous pigmented rice landraces from Koraput regions of Eastern Ghats

Abstract

Compressive nutritional, nutraceuticals and mineral profiling was carried out in eight diverse pigmented rice landraces originated from Koraput and compared them with improved variety (IR 64). The proximate compositions such as moisture content varied from 8.23 to 11.65 g 100 g−1, ash 0.68–1.46 g 100 g−1, fat 1.07–2.23 g 100 g−1, protein 7.00–9.63 g 100 g−1, carbohydrate 76.37–80.66 g 100 g−1, fiber 0.11–1.69 g 100 g−1 and energy 346.3–362.11 kcal 100 g−1 in the studied rice lines. These landraces are rich in phenol, flavonoid, and antioxidant concentrations and varied from 3.0 to 9.0 mg g−1, 0.150 to 0.950 mg 100 g−1, and 10.8 to 40.20%, respectively. Principal component analysis explained 47.2% of the overall variation and reflected huge difference between explored genotypes. The heritability and genetic advance varied from 30.22–99.90% and 2.5–111.5%, respectively. In compared to improved IR 64 variety, rich in energy content was recorded in Paradhan, Bhatamali and Haladiganthi indicated its nutritional superiority. Further, exceptional rich in phenol, flavonoid, vitamin C, vitamin E and antioxidant capacity was recorded in Kalachudi, Bedagurumukhi and Kandulakanthi, which may create opportunities for its large-scale commercialization and cultivation. These nutrition rich landraces also hold great potential for future crop improvement programs aimed at enhancing quality.