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Abstract
ABSTRACTObjective:To compare the prevalence rates of nutritional deviations in children under five years of age according to data from the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional — SISVAN) and those obtained by trained anthropometrists.Methods:This is a descriptive cross-sectional study based on data from 10 municipalities and 2 sources: i) SISVAN Web (secondary database) and ii) an investigation that evaluated the implementation of food and nutrition actions in the Family Health Strategy in the state of Paraíba (primary database), with 24,137 and 897 individuals, respectively. Proportions of overweight — according to weight/age (W/A), weight/height (W/H), and body mass index/age (BMI/A) — and stunting — according to the height/age (H/A) index — based on classifications of SISVAN Web and those obtained by trained anthropometrists were compared using the two-proportion Z-test.Results:Frequencies of overweight, according to W/A (10.0 vs. 7.8%), W/H (17.2 vs. 14.3%), and BMI/A (18.1 vs. 14.4%), as well as stunting (12.3 vs. 8.6%), were higher on data from SISVAN Web than on those obtained by trained anthropometrists, and the differences were significant.Conclusions:The findings point to distortions in the nutritional classification of children under five years of age monitored by SISVAN Web.
Highlights
Information on the population’s nutritional status is a positive health indicator, unlike other morbidity and mortality indicators.[1]
This study focused on anthropometry rather than on food consumption, as well as on children under five years of age instead of individuals in other stages of life, because SISVAN is more advanced in assessing the nutritional status of the child population.[4,6]
2 municipalities presented variations in the number of SISVAN Web records, with fewer children monitored for W/H (n=24,104) compared to W/A, body mass index/age (BMI/A), and H/A records (n=24,137)
Summary
Information on the population’s nutritional status is a positive health indicator, unlike other morbidity and mortality indicators.[1]. It seeks to contribute to the elaboration of interventions for risk factors associated with nutritional diseases and for social determinants of food and nutrition insecurity, encompassing both individual and collective care.[5,6] When compared to large population-based nutrition surveys, SISVAN data provide information faster, steadily, and at a lower cost. Such information is essential to the formulation and evaluation of food and nutrition interventions.[7] the system is an important tool for the organization and improvement of nutritional care,[8] in addition to being the main provider of information on the health of families benefiting from the Bolsa Família Program (a Brazilian welfare program).[1] The expansion and optimization of SISVAN are among the principal priorities of the SUS food and nutrition area.[8]
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