Abstract
Resistant starch is a non-digestible starch fraction and is classified as fiber. Beyond naturally occurring fiber sources, starches can be modified to resist digestion, increase their fiber content and provide physiological benefits. The current study examined acute postprandial glycemic responses of VERSAFIBE™ 1490 resistant starch type-4, containing 90% total dietary fiber (TDF, AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Collaboration International) 991.43 method). In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over study, healthy adults (n = 38) consumed a nutritional bar containing either control (2 g), medium (21 g) or high (30 g) fiber. The test bars were matched with control for available carbohydrates, fat and protein. Venous glucose, insulin, and capillary glucose were measured. Mean ± SEM capillary glucose incremental area-under-curve (iAUC0)-120 min in min*mmol/L was lower (p < 0.005) for both fiber bars (136.2 ± 9.2 and 137.0 ± 10.4 for the medium and high fiber bars, respectively) compared to the control bar (174.9 ± 13.5). Mean venous insulin iAUC0-120 min in min*pmol/L was also lower for medium (8096.3 ± 894.5) and high fiber (7533.8 ± 932.9) bars, respectively, compared to the control bar (11871.6 ± 1123.9, p < 0.001). Peak capillary glucose and venous insulin concentrations were also significantly reduced (p < 0.001) after consumption of both fiber bars compared to the control bar. The results of this study suggest that nutritional bars containing potato based RS4 fiber reduced post-consumption glycemic and insulinemic responses when consumed by generally healthy adults.
Highlights
Health benefits of consuming a fiber-rich diet are well-established [1,2,3]
Healthy participants consumed nutritional bar formulated with two fiber doses (21 g and 30 g), which were matched with control bar for available carbohydrates, protein and fat
The results show that the fiber bars significantly reduced capillary glucose iAUC 0-120 min and peak capillary glucose values, as well as venous glucose Cmax compared to the control bar
Summary
Health benefits of consuming a fiber-rich diet are well-established [1,2,3]. Dietary fibers are carbohydrates, which are not digested in the small intestine and are can be quantified usingAOAC (Association of Official Analytical Collaboration International) method 2009.01 total dietary fiber method. Health benefits of consuming a fiber-rich diet are well-established [1,2,3]. Dietary fibers are carbohydrates, which are not digested in the small intestine and are can be quantified using. AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Collaboration International) method 2009.01 total dietary fiber method. Resistant starch is non-digestible carbohydrate or type of fiber and can be measured using the Englyst method. To avoid confusion and communicate fiber levels on food labels, various national regulatory authorities have recommended to use integrated AOAC methods which measures all resistant starches and resistant polysaccharides [4]. Physiological effects of starch can be determined by its digestibility rate.
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