Nutritional and biological value of canned pate from japanese sardine <i>Sardinops melanostictus</i>

Abstract

Nutritional and biological value and the dietary lipid indices are determined for 2 recipes of pate canned food from japanese sardine S ardinops melanostictus (sardine-iwashi). The first recipe uses the fish and vegetable raw materials, but the second one includes additionally vegetable oil used for sautéing of the vegetables. The content of proteins in both products was 13.7–15.5 %, fat content — 14.3–17.4 %, carbohydrates — 4.6–4.8 %. The proteins were completed and balanced in terms of amino acid composition. The lipids were represented mainly by triacylglycerides, the portion of phospholipids was 6.0–6.4 %. Among fatty acids of the lipids, the most numerous group was PUFAs (38.8 % of the total amount of fatty acids for the 1 st recipe, 41.3 % — for the 2 nd recipe). The PUFAs amount in 100 g of canned food was 5.86 and 7.05 g, respectively. The content of omega-3 and omega-6 PUFA was 25.2 % and 9.9 % of the total number of fatty acids for the 1 st recipe and 18.6 % and 20.5 % for the 2 nd recipe. Among PUFAs, eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5 n-3) dominated in the pate of the 1 st recipe (14.2 %) but linoleic acid (18:2 n-6) dominated for the 2 nd one (19.6 %). The sum of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids was 19.0 % of total fatty acids or 3.14 g/100 g of the pate for the 1 st recipe but 14.1 % or 2.40 g/100 g for the 2 nd recipe. The dietary indices (or health lipid indices) were determined as the ratio of certain saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in the product. The indices of atherogenic- ity and thrombogenicity were 0.59 and 0.24 for the 1 st recipe and 0.41 and 0.24 for the 2 nd recipe, respectively. The hypocholesterolemic index was evaluated as 2.26 and 3.49 for the 1 st and 2 nd recipes, respectively. Low values of atherogenicity and thrombogenicity and high value of hypocholesterolemic index provide positive effect of the lipid profile on cholesterol metabolism and rate of thrombosis in the human blood vessels.