Abstract
As more insight is gained into personalized health care, the importance of personalized nutritional and behavioral approaches is even more relevant in the COVID-19 era, in addition to the need for further elucidation regarding several diseases/conditions. One of these concerning body composition (in this context; bone, lean and adipose tissue) is osteosarcopenic adiposity (OSA) syndrome. OSA occurs most often with aging, but also in cases of some chronic diseases and is exacerbated with the presence of low-grade chronic inflammation (LGCI). OSA has been associated with poor nutrition, metabolic disorders and diminished functional abilities. This paper addresses various influences on OSA and LGCI, as well as their mutual action on each other, and provides nutritional and behavioral approaches which could be personalized to help with either preventing or managing OSA and LGCI in general, and specifically in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. Addressed in more detail are nutritional recommendations for and roles of macro- and micronutrients and bioactive food components; the microbiome; and optimal physical activity regimens. Other issues, such as food insecurity and nutritional inadequacy, circadian misalignment and shift workers are addressed as well. Since there is still a lack of longer-term primary studies in COVID-19 patients (either acute or recovered) and interventions for OSA improvement, this discussion is based on the existing knowledge, scientific hypotheses and observations derived from similar conditions or studies just being published at the time of this writing.
Highlights
The extremely rapid spread of the novel SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) virus has created an unchartered, yet urgent, need for investigation into various aspects of its spread, health consequences, management and possible relief
Since there is still a lack of longer-term primary studies in COVID-19 patients and interventions for osteosarcopenic adiposity (OSA) improvement, this discussion is based on the existing knowledge, scientific hypotheses and observations derived from similar conditions or studies just being published at the time of this writing
low-grade chronic inflammation (LGCI) in general, and in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic; (c) some of the major critical issues during the COVID-19 pandemic contributing to OSA and LGCI, including increased food insecurity and circadian misalignment in shift and front-line workers
Summary
The extremely rapid spread of the novel SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) virus has created an unchartered, yet urgent, need for investigation into various aspects of its spread, health consequences, management and possible relief. As more insight is gained into personalized health care, the importance of personalized nutritional and behavioral approaches is even more relevant in the COVID-19 era in addition to the need for further elucidation regarding several diseases/conditions One of these concerning body composition (in this context; bone, lean and adipose tissue) is osteosarcopenic adiposity (OSA) syndrome. The following specific issues are discussed: (a) likelihood of OSA metabolic features to influence COVID-19 infection outcomes; (b) nutritional (including bioactive food components and the role of the microbiome) and physical activity recommendations, personalized to help with either preventing or managing OSA and LGCI in general, and in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic; (c) some of the major critical issues during the COVID-19 pandemic contributing to OSA and LGCI, including increased food insecurity and circadian misalignment in shift and front-line workers
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