Abstract
Understanding nutrient intake of anorexia nervosa (AN) patients is essential for the treatment. Therefore, estimates of total energy and nutrient consumption were made in a group of young women (19 to 30 years) with restricting and binge purge subtypes of AN participating in an ecological momentary assessment study. Participants completed three nonconsecutive 24-hour diet recalls. Mean nutrient intakes were stratified by subtype and by quartiles of energy intake and compared to the age specific Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) levels, as well as to the reported intakes from the What We Eat In America (WWEIA) dietary survey 2011–2012. Reported intake was determined for energy, macronutrients, and micronutrients. The mean body mass index (BMI) for all participants was 17.2 ± 0.1 kg/m2. Reported nutrient intake was insufficient for participants in quartiles 1–3 of both AN subtypes when compared to the DRIs. Intake reported by participants in quartile 4 of both subgroups met requirements for most nutrients and even met or exceeded estimated energy needs. Counseling of AN patients should be directed to total food consumption to improve energy intake and to reduce individual nutritional gaps.
Highlights
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a psychiatric disorder that results in considerable morbidity and mortality
There were no significant differences in age and body mass index (BMI) between the diagnostic subtypes across the quartiles
As reported energy intake increased in both anorexia nervosa (AN) subtype groups in quartiles 3 and 4, the number of participants not reporting intakes below the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) is reduced the only macronutrient with an EAR is carbohydrate
Summary
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a psychiatric disorder that results in considerable morbidity and mortality. The estimated prevalence is between 0.3% and 0.6% in adolescents and young adult women [1]. Prolonged dietary restriction in this disorder results in overt malnutrition, leading to significant decline in health status. In addition to the obvious wasting and loss of lean and fat mass, patients experience bone loss and often amenorrhea [2]. Onset of AN at an early age leads to reduced growth and an inability to attain genetic height potential despite accelerated growth following nutritional therapy [3]. Long-term mortality associated with the disease is ~10% per decade mainly due to cachexia and suicide [1,4]
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