Abstract
Cancer is associated with a high risk of malnutrition in children. This risk is different from one tumor to another, at the time of diagnosis and at any time of the disease course. Numerous tumor-related and treatment-related factors are involved. High dose-chemotherapy, with its specific side effects is particularly deleterious. Growth curves are of major interest for the long-term follow up of the nutritional status in children. The systematic use of nutritional risk scores is recommended, in order to improve prevention and early treatment of malnutrition. Nutritional supplies should meet the high protein and energy needs associated with cancer and its treatments. Oral and tube-feeding should be used preferably, according to digestive function. Peripheral parenteral nutrition may serve only as a complementary, short-term nutritional support. Central lines are required for all total and/or long term parenteral nutrition periods. Whatever the nutritional support, it can help to fulfil chemotherapy programmes, with benefit on remission duration and survival.
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