Abstract
The leaves and stems of the plant Rubus coreanus Miquel (RCMLS) are rich in vitamins, minerals and phytochemicals which have antioxidant, anti-hemolytic, anti-inflammatory, anti-fatigue and anti-cancer effects. However, RCMLS is not included in the Korean Food Standards Codex due to the lack of safety assurance concerning RCMLS. We evaluated single and repeated oral dose toxicity of RCMLS in Sprague-Dawley rats. RCMLS did not induce any significant toxicological changes in both male and female rats at a single doses of 2500 mg/kg/day. Repeated oral dose toxicity studies showed no adverse effects in clinical signs, body weight, food consumption, ophthalmic examination, urinalysis, hematology, serum biochemistry, necropsy findings, organ weight, and histopathology at doses of 625, 1250, and 2500 mg/kg/day. The LD50 and LOAEL of RCMLS might be over 2500 mg/kg body weight/day and no target organs were identified. Therefore, this study revealed that single and repeated oral doses of RCMLS are safe.
Highlights
Rubus coreanus Miquel (R. coreanus) is a deciduous broadleaf shrub of the Rosaceae family that originates from Korea and China
This study was conducted in compliance with the Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) and Test
Korea Food and Drug Administration (KDFA) at the GLP institute approved by the KFDA [33,34]
Summary
Rubus coreanus Miquel (R. coreanus) is a deciduous broadleaf shrub of the Rosaceae family that originates from Korea and China. The unripe fruits of R. coreanus are used in traditional Korean herbal medicine to treat diabetes, spermatorrhea, enuresis, asthma and allergy-related illnesses [2,3]. With their high anthocyanin content the ripe fruits of R. coreanus are darker in color compared to other berries. They have an abundance of phenolic compounds such as ellagic acid, gallic acid, cinnamic acid, protocatechuic acid, sangiin H-4, sanguiin H-6, 23-hydroxytormentic acid, and nigaichgoside F [4,5,6,7]. There is a general interest in identifying natural bioactive compounds, because these compounds have functional benefits such as regulating apoptosis in cancer and healthy cells [19]
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