Abstract
The Developmental Origin of Health and Disease (DOHaD) is an area of science dedicated to studying the processes by which insults during critical periods of mammals development leading to physiological changes resultig in diseases throughout life. Studies point to a complex interaction between nutritional status in early life and cardiovascular system homeostasis in which maternal malnutrition during gestation and/or lactation, as well as early weaning, are associated with development of cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. In this context, epigenetic changes, [...]
Highlights
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the main cause of death worldwide and belongs to the group of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs)
The study including the Dutch Famine, which occurred during World War II, represents a historical milestone for studies involving the origin of diseases related to malnutrition in the early life
This work demonstrated that maternal malnutrition during gestation disrupts the metabolism of the descendants in the long run, resulting in hyperglycemia, a greater incidence of CVD, blood clotting disorders, as well as an increase in the capacity of response to stress and obesity.[19]
Summary
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the main cause of death worldwide and belongs to the group of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs). According to the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 17.9 million people died of CVD in 2016, nearly 31% of the total number of deaths in the world.[1] In Brazil, where the scenario is similar, these diseases are responsible for the highest mortality rates in the same year.[2] This health public problem results in high costs with treatments and hospitalizations by Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS in Portuguese), in addition to indirect economic impact caused by reduction on productivity and sick absence.[3]. These studies encompass a new area of science called Developmental Origin of Health and Disease (DOHaD) introduced by David Barker, which investigate the programming of diseases with fetal origins.[5,6,7]
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