Abstract
Hypertension, a major public health problem, becomes more prevalent during aging. Although the pathogenesis is uncertain, epidemiological studies suggest that environmental factors such as nutrition may play a major role in blood pressure regulation. As examples, it is generally accepted that obesity and sodium/alcohol consumption are important factors, and many believe that calcium, magnesium, and potassium consumption are regulatory as well. However, less emphasis has been placed on whether macronutrients and trace elements influence blood pressure (BP) significantly. Accordingly, this review focuses on the ability of macronutrients and foods (sugars, soluble fibers, garlic, and fats), trace elements and natural coenzymes like chromium and NADH to influence BP. Clearly, many natural products, especially those with ability to enhance insulin sensitivity and/or act as antioxidants, have the capability to affect BP.
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