Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate effects of natural phosphate and sewage sludge compound fertilization in level of contents of heavy metals and nutrients in two consecutive cultivation of corn grain. The project was conducted in a Haplic Cambisol between April 10, 2009 and September 15, 2010. The treatments in factorial scale 2 x 4 meters corresponds to application on the first corn cultivation of 2 doses of rock Gafsa phosphate (0 and 90 kg ha-1 of P2O5) and 4 compound doses of sewage sludge (0, 25, 50 and 75 t ha-1, in dry specimen). The experiment followed random blocks design with three treatment repetitions. The fertilization with rock phosphate increased the levels of N, P, K and Mg only in the first corn grain cultivation and did not had influence on the levels of Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb, Cr and Cd in the two successive cultivations. The fertilization with sewage sludge compound increased the levels of N, P, K, Mg and Zn in the first corn grain cultivation and P and Zn for the second. In addition, the fertilization with sewage sludge did not had influence on levels of Ca, S, Cu, Ni and Pb in any corn cultivation. Independent of the effect of the treatments, only Pb showed concentration above of acceptable limits for nourishment.
Highlights
Increasing implantation of Wastewater Treatment Plant, attending to legal environmental recommendations for remediation of lakes and fountains and reduction of heath public problems, has been creating residues like sewage sludge (VON SPERLING, 2003)
This study aimed to evaluate effects of natural phosphate and sewage sludge compound fertilization in level of contents of heavy metals and nutrients in two consecutive cultivation of corn grain
The treatments in factorial scale 2 x 4 meters corresponds to application on the first corn cultivation of 2 doses of rock Gafsa phosphate (0 and 90 kg ha-1 of P2O5) and 4 compound doses of sewage sludge (0, 25, 50 and 75 t ha-1, in dry specimen)
Summary
Increasing implantation of Wastewater Treatment Plant, attending to legal environmental recommendations for remediation of lakes and fountains and reduction of heath public problems, has been creating residues like sewage sludge (VON SPERLING, 2003). This is a relevant fact if counting the final disposal of this material, which can generate serious environmental harm becoming global concern (BIONDI & NASCIMENTO, 2005 & LEMAINSKI; SILVA, 2006a). In order to follow the CONAMA 375/2006 resolution Martins et al (2003), Silva et al (2005), Gomes et al (2006) and Barbosa et al (2007) point out the economy and environmental benefits of applying this material on the productive systems. The usage of the sewage sludge in a variety of crops is a worldwide trend (MARQUES et al, 2007), and this procedure stands out in Brazil during experiments with coffee (BETTIOL & CAMARGO, 2000), sugarcane (CHIBA et al, 2008a), eucalyptus crops (ANDRADE & MATTIAZZO, 2000), soybean (VIEIRA et al, 2005; LEMAINSKI; SILVA, 2006b), and corn (NASCIMENTO et al, 2004; TRANNIN et al, 2005; NOGUEIRA et al, 2007)
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