Nutrient uptake and benthic regeneration in Danube Delta Lakes

Abstract

We investigated the nutrient uptake capacity of three lakes (Uzlina, Matita and Rosu) within the Danube Delta during high water level in June and low water level in September 1999. Special emphasis was placed on nutrient cycling at the sediment-water interface and on the self-purification capacity of the lakes in the Danube Delta. In order to estimate the nutrient uptake of selected lakes we present in this paper the results of water analyses, benthic flux chamber experiments and deck incubation experiments of 15N-labeled sediment cores at the inflow and the outlet of the lakes. The external input of dissolved inorganic nitrogen and silica into the lakes decreases with increasing distance to the main Danube branches whereas the total dissolved phosphorus input is independent of the hydrological distance to the main branches. The nutrient loading is highest in the inflow channels, and decreases towards the outflow of the lakes. In June, the uptake of NO3 −, TDP and Si(OH)4 in the lakes was higher than in September. In contrast, NH4 + uptake was more intense in September, when benthic release was more intense as well. On average, about 76% of the external plus internal nitrogen and phosphorus input into the lakes was taken up by macrophytes and phytoplankton during the growing season, whereas the uptake of external nutrient input amounted to about 43%. The benthic release of ammonia and silica increases from June to September and indicates, that part of the nutrients taken up during the growing season might be released during winter. We estimate the net impact of the Delta on the nutrient reduction of the Danube during the growing season is about 4.3%, assuming 10% of the Danube water is flowing through the Delta.