Nutrient Extraction Lowers Postprandial Glucose Response of Fruit in Adults with Obesity as well as Healthy Weight Adults.

Rabab Alkutbe,Michael Jarvis,Kathy Redfern,Gail Rees

doi:10.3390/nu12030766

Abstract

Fruit consumption is recommended as part of a healthy diet. However, consumption of fruit in the form of juice is positively associated with type 2 diabetes risk, possibly due to resulting hyperglycemia. In a recent study, fruit juice prepared by nutrient extraction, a process that retains the fiber component, was shown to elicit a favorable glycemic index (GI), compared to eating the fruit whole, in healthy weight adults. The current study expanded on this to include individuals with obesity, and assessed whether the nutrient extraction of seeded fruits reduced GI in a higher disease risk group. Nutrient extraction was shown to significantly lower GI, compared to eating fruit whole, in subjects with obesity (raspberry/mango: 25.43 ± 18.20 vs. 44.85 ± 20.18, p = 0.034 and passion fruit/mango (26.30 ± 25.72 vs. 42.56 ± 20.64, p = 0.044). Similar results were found in those of a healthy weight. In summary, the current study indicates that the nutrient-extraction of raspberries and passionfruit mixed with mango lowers the GI, not only in healthy weight individuals, but also in those with obesity, and supports further investigation into the potential for nutrient extraction to enable increased fruit intake without causing a high glycemic response.

Highlights

Fruit consumption has beneficial health effects that correlate with the decreased risk of several chronic diseases [1]
In the passionfruit and mango (PFM) arm, blood glucose peaked at 30 min for all three test meals
In line with our hypothesis, the present study demonstrates that nutrient-extraction preparation of raspberries and passionfruit has the potential to control glycemic response

Summary

Introduction

Fruit consumption has beneficial health effects that correlate with the decreased risk of several chronic diseases [1]. Public health agencies consistently promote the protective health effects of fruit. Fruit juice is known to cause a postprandial peak in blood glucose, and it is advised to limit juice intake due to this high glycemic index (GI). Consistent with the effect on GI, research from large cohort studies has shown an association between fruit juice consumption and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) [2,3]. It has been suggested that the decrease in fiber per serving of fruit juice compared with whole fruit may explain the increased risk of T2DM. Recommendations to increase fruit intake have increased the popularity of ‘nutrient-extraction’

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Results

Conclusion