Nutrient composition of six wild edible Mediterranean Asteraceae plants of dietary interest

Abstract

Interest in wild leafy vegetables has significantly increased in Europe, and elsewhere, because they provide high nutrient levels and potential health benefits. Some Asteraceae species are widely cultivated, and many non-cultivated species are also traditionally eaten as green vegetables; however, the information on their nutrient composition is scarce. This study presents useful data (proteins, fat, available carbohydrates, soluble/insoluble fibre and mineral content) of interest for furthering the knowledge of the nutritional value of six wild Asteraceae species traditionally consumed in many areas in Mediterranean countries. These rarely studied species are Taraxacum obovatum (Willd.) DC., Chondrilla juncea L., Sonchus oleraceus L., Cichorium intybus L., Scolymus hispanicus L. and Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. From the results obtained, these species are notable for their high fibre content (2.3–13.4g/100g), K (375–1772mg/100g) and Ca (16–472mg/100g), compared to most conventional vegetables. C. juncea can contribute to fibre and micronutrient intakes, particularly Mn (with values of up to 50% of daily Recommended Dietary Allowances for adults). These new findings suggest that these plants can be considered as valuable food resources in the traditional Mediterranean diet, allowing their incorporation into food nutrient databases.