Nutraceutical Properties of Potentially Pollen Sources in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and their Impact on the Activities of Honey Bee Colonies

Abstract

Pollen plants is the sole source of strength for honey bees’ colonies, estimating pollen nutritional value is a crucial aspect to comprehend its influence on the growth of honey bee colonies in any region. In this study the potentially discovered pollen source in Riyadh region, central Saudi Arabia, Asian mustard (Brassica tournefortii Gouan.), willow wattle (Acacia salicina Lindl.), mesquite (Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC.) and cat’s head (Tribulus terresetris L. var. terrestris) were evaluated and their role in improving honey bee colonies were analyzed. Important criteria for determining the nutraceutical properties of pollen included fresh and dry weight, protein content, and the presence of essential and non-essential amino acids were analyzed. The study revealed that the highest content of protein in the dominant pollen types was recorded for B. tournefortii pollen (20.53%), while P. juliflora pollen was the highest in essential amino acids content. In conclusion, in an effort to achieve highquality development, careful plant breeding and rehabilitation of these potentially discovered pollen plant species would be taken into consideration. In conclusion, wise use and rehabilitation of these potentially identified bee plant species shall be considered in attempting beekeeping development.