Nusantara as the new capital of Indonesia (the transfer of the capital as a form of solving the problems of uneven urbanization)

Abstract

The author analyzes the features of urbanization processes in Indonesia. The purpose of the article is to analyze the problems of transferring the capital of modern Indonesia. The author examines in detail the features of the urbanization process in Indonesia. Special attention is paid to the role of Jakarta, the capital of Indonesia, as the main factor of urbanization processes in the context of uneven development of urban areas. The social and economic imbalances that have arisen as a result of uneven urbanization are shown. The article presents an attempt to analyze the transfer of the capital of Indonesia in modern Russian historiography. The author analyzes in detail the perception of the problems of urbanization in the intellectual discourse of Indonesia. The article presents an overview of the structure and activities of the Metropolitan Administration of the Archipelago – the governing body of Nusantara – the new proposed capital of Indonesia. The novelty of the study consists in the analysis of the Indonesian experience of urbanization and attempts to solve the problems of its unevenness. The article analyzes 1) the social problems of the Indonesian model of urbanization, 2) the features of Jakarta as the capital in the context of urbanization, 3) the prospects for the transfer of the capital and development projects of Nusantara as the new proposed capital of Indonesia. The contribution of the Indonesian intellectual community to the discussions on urbanization and the transfer of the capital is shown. The results of the study suggest that 1) modern Indonesian society is fragmented in the perception of the transfer of the capital, 2) political elites decided to move the capital to Nusantary, ignoring the opinions of opponents, 3) vectors and trajectories of the subsequent development of urbanized regions and the new capital remain uncertain.