Abstract
Nurturing resilient forest biodiversity: nest webs as complex adaptive systems
Highlights
The search for holistic, yet scientifically sound, whole-system models in forest ecology and conservation has led to an increasing interest in complex system science (Parrott and Meyer 2012, Messier et al 2013, Filotas et al 2014)
Heterogeneity, redundancy, and memory allow nest web systems to absorb some degree of disturbance without undergoing a regime shift; that is, without changing their basic structures and functions, i.e., the system’s identity
NURTURING RESILIENT NEST WEBS Linkages among nest web entities, functioning of interacting adaptive cycles, i.e., panarchy, and properties resulting from their interactions, are key factors contributing to the resilience of forest communities
Summary
The search for holistic, yet scientifically sound, whole-system models in forest ecology and conservation has led to an increasing interest in complex system science (Parrott and Meyer 2012, Messier et al 2013, Filotas et al 2014). Prototypical examples of complex adaptive systems (CAS) in which properties at higher levels (Gunderson and Holling 2002, Messier and Puettmann 2011, Parrott and Meyer 2012), emerge from self-organized networks of many entities (individuals, species, guilds) interacting at lower levels (Levin 1998, Strogatz 2001, Simard et al 2013). The simplicity of the hierarchical nest web model encouraged researchers to initiate community-level nest web studies in many forests globally, allowed us to analyze cavity-nesting communities as bi- or tri-partite ecological networks, and facilitated communication with forest managers and the public (Martin et al 2004, Cockle and Martin 2015, Ruggera et al 2016, Altamirano et al 2017, Manikandan and Balasubramanian 2018).
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