Abstract
Objective: Identify nursing interventions that contribute to the reduction of surgical site infections in potentially contaminated surgeries. Methods: Integrative review, carried out in four databases. There were 5,888 articles published in the period from January 2008 to July 2018, in English, Portuguese and Spanish, from which nine articles were selected after final analysis. Results: The nursing interventions appeared according to the perioperative periods: preoperative (55.55%), intraoperative (33.33%), postoperative (66.66%), being associated with: antibiotic therapy, trichotomy, alcoholic chlorhexidine bathing, hand hygiene, sterile glove/wear/ package change for fascia and skin closure, degermination, antisepsis, surgical classification, surgical time, care with dressings and drains, temperature and blood glucose control, patient education, discharge and post-hospital discharge orientation. Conclusions: Nursing interventions were identified in each perioperative period, proving to be essential for the qualification of nursing care and effective in reducing surgical site infection in potentially contaminated surgeries.
Highlights
Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the main complications after the surgical procedure[1]
Integrative review (IR) carried out from the elaboration of a protocol according to Whittemore and Knalf[9], including: elaboration of the research question, objective, study design, inclusion and exclusion criteria, search strategies, data collection, work collection, critical evaluation of the articles, information to be extracted from the productions, dissemination and schedule
The majority of the articles were published in the English language accounting for seven (77.77%)[11,12,13,14,15,16,17] articles, with three (33.33%)[13,15,16] published by professionals from the United States of America (USA)
Summary
Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the main complications after the surgical procedure[1]. The SSIs are defined as an infectious process that affects tissues, organs and cavities, and can be present in any type of surgical procedure[2,3]. References indicate that the SSIs occur in any type of surgical procedure[2,3], the occurrence is greater in surgeries classified as potentially contaminated[1]. In Brazil, the SSIs correspond to 14 to 16% of adverse events, occupying the third position among infections that occur in hospitalized patients[3]. They are responsible for increased morbidity, mortality and high hospital costs due to increased length of stay and health care costs[1]
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