Abstract
Abstract
 Background: Dysphagia is a frequent complication in stroke. Patients with dysphagia have potential risk of pneumonia, malnutrition, dehydration, increased length of stay and even death. One og nursing intervention that is considered important in the management of stroke patients is dysphagia screening because it can reduce aspiration and pneumonia and other complications that can occur in dysphagia. Aim: The aim of this literature review was to comparison between The National Institutes Of Health Stroke Scale, Nursing Admission Screening Tools, and Functional Independence Measure to preventing the occurrence of pneumonia in stroke patients in Indonesia. Design: This paper used narrative review. Data source: A literature search was conducted of articles published from 2010 through October 2018 using the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Ebscohost databases on compared three of dysphagia screening. Result: This search resulted in a total of 16 articles. Evidence has indicated that The National Institutes Of Health Stroke Scale Screening is considered to be the most effective type of dysphagia screening in preventing pneumonia in stroke patients who experience dysphagia. Conclusion: The NIHSS has a sensitivity value, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value that is quite good and considered safe to be applied in screening for dysphagia in stroke patients in Indonesia.
 Keywords: dysphagia screening, dysphagia in stroke, The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, Nursing Admission Screening Tools, Functional Independence Measure
Highlights
Dysphagia is a condition where a person has difficulty swallowing both foods that are liquid or solid [1]
National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) is a tool used by healthcare providers to quantify the impairment caused by a stroke objectively
In connection with pneumonia is one of the leading causes of death after acute stroke, early assessment of dysphagia can contribute to preventing death from acute stroke and can be implemented by nurses
Summary
Dysphagia is a condition where a person has difficulty swallowing both foods that are liquid or solid [1]. Dysphagia is a frequent complication in stroke patients, which occurs in 50% of patients with stroke cases [2, 3]. The damage that occurs after the occurrence of cerebral infarction due to stroke will cause the swallowing process to slow down, muscle coordination becomes worse, and muscle strength weakens [4]. In some stroke patients the condition of dysphagia will improve spontaneously, in 11-50% of cases of stroke patients still experience dysphagia after six months after hospitalization [3]. Patients with persistent dysphagia will experience a risk of pneumonia, malnutrition, dehydration, increased length of stay and even death [3].
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