Abstract
Identifying the main nursing diagnoses and interventions in children submitted to cochlear implant in the immediate postoperative period. A cross-sectional study conducted between February and April 2016, considering nursing history (anamnesis and physical examination) and nursing diagnoses (NANDA - International) with their respective interventions (Nursing Intervention Classification - NIC). Descriptive statistical analysis was used to construct the results. A total of 19 children participated in this study. The main nursing diagnoses listed were: impaired verbal communication, impaired skin integrity, risk for infection, risk for falls, and risk for bleeding (n=19; 100%). Regarding the nursing interventions, the following prevailed: Improvement in communication: auditory deficit, Skin surveillance, Protection against infection, Prevention of falls and Precautions against bleeding (n=19; 100%). Nursing diagnoses and interventions related to the cochlear implant postoperative period were related to communication, bleeding control, surgical wound care, infection prevention, comfort and well-being. Identificar os principais diagnósticos e intervenções de enfermagem em crianças submetidas a implante coclear em pós-operatório imediato. Estudo transversal realizado entre fevereiro e abril de 2016. Foram considerados o histórico de enfermagem (anamnese e exame físico) e os diagnósticos de enfermagem (NANDA - Internacional) com suas respectivas intervenções (Nursing Intervention Classification - NIC). Para construção dos resultados utilizou-se da análise estatística descritiva. Participaram do presente estudo 19 crianças. Os principais diagnósticos de enfermagem elencados foram: Comunicação verbal prejudicada, Integridade da pele prejudicada, Risco de infecção, Risco de queda e Risco de sangramento (n=19; 100%). Quanto às intervenções de enfermagem, prevaleceram: Melhora na comunicação: deficit auditivo, Supervisão da pele, Proteção contra infecção, Prevenção de quedas e Precauções contra sangramento (n=19; 100%). Os diagnósticos e as intervenções de enfermagem referentes ao pós-operatório de implante coclear relacionaram-se com comunicação, controle de sangramento, cuidados com a ferida operatória, prevenção de infecção, conforto e bem-estar.
Highlights
Communication is an essential activity for life in society and is considered an important tool for integration, development and socialization[1]
In relation to the actual nursing Diagnoses with their respective defining characteristics and related factors, there was a predominance of: impaired verbal communication characterized by difficulty in understanding the usual pattern of communication related to the anatomical defect – hearing (n=19; 100%), and impaired skin integrity related to disruption of the skin surface characterized by invasion of body structures and mechanical factors – surgery and intravenous catheter (n=19; 100%) (Table 2)
In relation to the nursing Diagnoses of risk with their respective risk factors, a predominance of the following was evidenced: risk of infection related to invasive procedures and inadequate primary defenses – ruptured skin and invasive procedures (n=19; 100%), risk for falls related to hearing difficulties and impaired balance (n=19; 100%) and risk of bleeding associated with treatment-related secondary effects – surgery (n=19; 100%) (Table 3)
Summary
Communication is an essential activity for life in society and is considered an important tool for integration, development and socialization[1]. AD can compromise relationships with other people, lifestyle and academic-linguistic development, leading to social and emotional changes, including parents and caregivers of children with this deficiency[2,3]. It is considered a public health problem, especially in childhood due to its high prevalence[4]. Technological advancement has enabled early and accurate diagnosis of AD, in addition to broadening treatment modalities In this context, cochlear implant (CI) emerges as one of the available resources, being eligible and effective in treating people with a severe degree and/ or profound AD[6]
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