Abstract
The present work develops the nursing care process (NCP) to a pediatric patient, with the aim of identifying problems and managing comprehensive care for infants with a diagnosis of broncho-obstructive syndrome (BOS)-Pneumonia hospitalized in the emergency area. Single case study, qualitative approach, NCP method. The data collection was carried out through the observation technique, physical examination and as an instrument the assessment framework for 11 functional patterns of Marjory Gordon, identifying 5 Nursing Diagnoses prioritizing three of them: Ineffective cleaning of the airways related to excessive mucus, evidenced by abnormal respiratory sounds crackles, wheezing, persistent cough with abundant yellowish and dense secretions in regular quantity, respiratory rate 46 breaths per minute. Impaired gas exchange associated with changes in the alveolar-capillary membrane, evidenced by dyspnea, decompensated respiratory alkalosis, abnormal arterial pH 7.50, pCO2: 33 mm Hg, hypoxemia pO2: 88 mm Hg and HR tachycardia: 126 x ', oxygen saturation 86%. Hyperthermia associated with disease secondary to BOS Pneumonia, evidenced by skin hot to the touch, tachypnea (146 x '), Temperature: 38 °C planning with taxonomy II NANDA I NOC (or Nursing Outcomes Classification) and NIC (or Nursing Interventions Classification), intervention labels were executed with programmed activities being then evaluated with NOC labels and indicators respectively. The results were +1, +1, +3. Concluding that the management of care, applying NCP in a pediatric patient with BOS-pneumonia was effective, indicates that the child did not present any complications during the shifts attended in the study.
Highlights
According to the World Health Organization, global pediatric studies on pneumonia report a higher frequency in male children with an average age of 8.9 years and an overall mortality of 0.09% (9,10,11)
In this sense, nursing professionals focus their work on humanized care based on the Nursing Care Process (NCP), through which they assess, diagnose, plan, execute and evaluate their activities, considering the integral, total and safe care, as well as the continuity required by patients in different periods and in different contexts, providing a process of exchange between the caregiver and being cared for (Miranda-Limachi et al, 2019)
The research was elaborated with a qualitative approach, type of study was a single case study and the method was the nursing care process, which is considered as a scientific method that enables the nurse to carry out care plans in a direct and individualized way, in a rational, logical and systematic manner; considered as the basis of the practice of the profession, because it is the application of the scientific method in the care practice, where its importance lies (Vele Bacuilima & Veletanga León, 2015)
Summary
According to the World Health Organization, global pediatric studies on pneumonia report a higher frequency in male children with an average age of 8.9 years and an overall mortality of 0.09% (9,10,11). The Demographic and Family Health Survey (ENDES, 2019) mentions that the proportion of children under five years of age with pneumonia in rural areas has a prevalence of 16.5% higher than in urban areas, which is 14.6% (Ministry of Health, 2020) In this sense, nursing professionals focus their work on humanized care based on the Nursing Care Process (NCP), through which they assess, diagnose, plan, execute and evaluate their activities, considering the integral, total and safe care, as well as the continuity required by patients in different periods and in different contexts, providing a process of exchange between the caregiver and being cared for (Miranda-Limachi et al, 2019). It is recommended that the patient be hospitalized (World Health Organization, 2019) It should be noted, that the role of the emergency nurse specialist is the action of care that allows him/her to provide protection, helping the patient to improve and preserve life, to help him/her overcome his/her illness, the suffering he/she suffers and his/her pain. Since children when they have an illness and are hospitalized, their life routine changes, having a loss of their autonomy, moving away from their loved ones since they are in a completely new environment, they may feel pain, fear, stress, anxiety due to the change, being immersed in an unknown and strange world (Galmés, 2017)
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