Abstract
目的 探讨连续腰椎穿刺治疗早产儿脑室内出血(IVH)的护理要点及治疗效果.方法收集35例Ⅲ级～Ⅳ级脑室内出血早产儿,头颅CT确诊为IVH并脑室增宽,符合连续腰穿指征,其中治疗组14例行连续腰穿,对照组21例未行连续腰穿,治疗组惠儿于出生后5～30 d行连续腰穿;分析术中、术后护理要点,并观察2组患儿3～6个月时出现脑室扩大、需行脑室分流术、生长发育落后情况.结果治疗组发生脑室扩大的比例为35.71%,较对照组(76.19%)减少53.13%;治疗组需行脑室分流术的比例为21.43%;较对照组(61.90%)降低约2/3;治疗组出现生长发育落后的比例亦较对照组下降近1/3,差别有统计学意义;治疗组无死亡,对照组有5例死亡.结论连续腰穿治疗早产儿重度脑室内出血时,脑室扩张发生率低,治疗成功率高,对于防治早产儿IVH后脑积水、改善预后有一定疗效;加强术中及术后护理可减少并发症的出现。
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