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Abstract
Objective: This review is aimed to examine nurses’ work motivation and factors affecting it. Methodology: Cochrane library, MEDLINE, PubMed, Science Direct, Cumulative Index Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), ProQuest and Ovid databases were searched, covering the period 2011 to 2017. Studies were included if they concerned nurses’ work motivation and the factors affecting it. Results: In the yielded studies, nurses’ work motivation is affected by several personal and organisational factors. Nurses’ age, years of experience, autonomy, educational level and administrative positions were found as personal characteristics that affect nurses’ work motivation level. Moreover, nurses' empowerment, work engagement, pay and financial benefits, supervision, promotion, contingent rewards, supportive relationship (co-workers), communication and nature of work were identified in the literature as organizational factors affecting nurses’ work motivation. Conclusion: This review confirmed that nurses' work motivation was often affected by several personal and organizational factors which are crucial in affecting the level of nurses' work motivation.
Highlights
In healthcare organization, work motivation is an important measure of healthcare professional’s response to the increasing challenges and demands [1]
This review confirmed that nurses' work motivation was often affected by several personal and organizational factors which are crucial in affecting the level of nurses' work motivation
In a quantitative study conducted among nurses in China to examine the factors that contributed to nurses' happiness index indicated that happiness affected by positive emotions and stress managing styles [13]
Summary
Work motivation is an important measure of healthcare professional’s response to the increasing challenges and demands [1]. It initiates behaviours to accomplish the intended goals. Motivation is a complex, multidimensional and defined as "the force within individual that influence or direct behaviour"[3]. Motivation is a concept used to describe an external state inspiring a special behavior and internal responses revealing that behaviour [4]. Motivation is explained as the stimulus of work behaviour, which channels the worker’s effort to accomplish the organization’s goals [5]. Worker motivation is the result of the interactions between individuals (internal psychological process), their work environment (a transactional process) and the fit between these interactions and the societal context [6]
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