Abstract
BackgroundSpirituality is vital in the holistic approach to nursing care. The personal spirituality of nurses has been documented to have an impact on the spiritual nursing care they provide.AimTo validate the Polish version of the Spiritual Attitude and Involvement List (SAIL) among nurses and to describe spiritual attitudes and involvement of nurses as measured with the tool.DesignA cross-sectional, validation study was performed according to the STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology guidelines.MethodsStudy involving 163 nurses, with the use of four tools: (a) the SAIL; (b) the Self-Description Questionnaire; (c) the Scale of Spiritual Transcendence; and (d) the Brief Religious Coping questionnaire.ResultsThe Explanatory Factor Analysis identified six factors and 25 items were retained explaining a total variance of 67.96%. In the Confirmative Factor Analysis, acceptable index fit values were obtained. Correlations were found between SAIL and the Brief Religious Coping questionnaire, the Self-Description Questionnaire, and the Spiritual Transcendence Scale. Nurses reported the highest scores on ‘Meaningfulness’ (= 4.95 out of 6.0, Standard Deviation [SD] 0.56) and the lowest on the ‘Transcendent Experiences’ factor (= 3.21 out of 6.0, SD 0.93). A strong correlation was found between ‘Spiritual Activities’ and the religious involvement of nurses (r = 0.506), and between ‘Connectedness with nature’ and the nurses’ age and work experience (r = 0.315 and r = 0.321, respectively).ConclusionThe Polish version of SAIL shows acceptable psychometric properties and construct validity. With the validation of SAIL, future studies can be undertaken with the aim of measuring the personal spirituality of nurses in various settings (hospital vs. community), cultures, and countries, thus increasing the opportunity to compare findings. Moreover, more studies should be performed in order to assess whether there is any connection between personal spirituality and the spiritual nursing care provided to patients.
Highlights
As spirituality is considered an essential part of the human condition, spiritual care must be seen as a vital component of holistic care of the patient and an important factor influencing quality of care [1]
More studies should be performed in order to assess whether there is any connection between personal spirituality and the spiritual nursing care provided to patients
Some demographic data has been collected among nurses, limiting further analysis on individual factors influencing spirituality. This is the first research in Poland measuring the personal spirituality of nurses with the use of the Spiritual Attitude and Involvement List (SAIL) tool
Summary
As spirituality is considered an essential part of the human condition, spiritual care must be seen as a vital component of holistic care of the patient and an important factor influencing quality of care [1]. The spiritual dimension of human beings has always been highlighted in nursing practice as a key element, from the early days of nursing conceptualisation by Florence Nightingale up to the current philosophy of humanistic nursing care by Jean Watson [2, 3]. According to her theory, care and caring requires from nurses personal, social, moral, and spiritual engagement [4]. The personal spirituality of nurses has been documented to have an impact on the spiritual nursing care they provide
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