Nurses' job satisfaction, absenteeism, and turnover after implementing a special care unit practice model

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to compare job satisfaction, absenteeism, and turnover between nurses working in a nurse-managed special care unit (SCU) and those working in traditional intensive care units (ICU). A case management practice model with a shared governance management model and minimal technology was implemented in the SCU while contrasting features of a primary nursing practice model with a bureaucratic management model and high technology already in place in the traditional ICU. Individual nurses' perceptions of and their preferences for the SCU practice model also were examined related to job satisfaction. Using analysis of covariance, greater satisfaction with a lower absenteeism rate was found in nurses working in the SCU. Nurses' perceptions and preferences for the SCU practice model were closely related to their job satisfaction and growth satisfaction. The findings suggest that individual perception and preference should be taken into account before implementing autonomy, authority, and responsibility at the organizational level to lead to the desired nurse outcomes in a given working environment. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Res Nurs Health 20:: 443–452, 1997