Abstract
The GPR is widely used for non-destructive evaluation of reinforced concrete structures. High resolution of detection is needed in order to differentiate between multiple targets present in the host medium. This article aims to numerically study the vertical and horizontal resolutions associated to detection of reinforcing bars buried in a structure made from concrete by means of GPR inspection. Use was made of open source software GprMax2D by considering the three work frequencies: 1GHz, 1.6GHz and 2GHz. The method of scanning is assumed to be according to B-scan protocol which was conducted along a profile traced on the surface of the inspected member. In situ measurements were made for a bridge pillar made of reinforced concrete by the MALÅ CX GPR system with a frequency centred on 1.6 GHz. The obtained results show that the GPR is effective in the examination of reinforced concrete structure and most of the steel bars can be detected. After making correction, the horizontal resolution predicted by a conventional formula was verified. However, the real vertical resolution imposes a minimum distance separating steel bars that is higher than that proposed in the literature. This is due to the high conductivity of steel bars that yields strong reflection of the signal at the first reached bars and which impedes significant secondary reflection from targets located below them.
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