Abstract

In this paper a numerical multiscale method for discrete networks is presented. The method gives an accurate coarse scale representation of the full network by solving sub-network problems. The method is used to solve problems with highly varying connectivity or random network structure, showing optimal order convergence rates with respect to the mesh size of the coarse representation. Moreover, a network model for paper-based materials is presented. The numerical multiscale method is applied to solve problems governed by the presented network model.

Highlights

  • Network structures are used to model a wide variety of phenomena, such as flow in porous media, traffic flows, elasticity of materials, body deformation in computer graphics, molecular dynamics, and fiber materials

  • The objective of this paper is to develop a numerical upscaling method for networks, circumventing the computational issues arising when materials of macrosize are considered

  • This paper concerns a quite general network model described by a connectivity matrix

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Summary

Introduction

Network structures are used to model a wide variety of phenomena, such as flow in porous media, traffic flows, elasticity of materials, body deformation in computer graphics, molecular dynamics, and fiber materials In these applications, the microscale behaviour determines the macroscale properties of the system. Multiscale methods applied to network problems are for instance investigated by Ewing [5] and Ilev et al [11] who study the heat conductivity of network materials and develop an upscaling method by solving the heat equation locally over small sub-domains. These local solutions are used to compute an effective global thermal conductivity tensor.

Problem formulation
Numerical homogenization of networks
Coarse grid representation
Localization
Algebraic formulation
Non-zero fixed boundary conditions
Error analysis
Network model for paper-based materials
Extension of edges
Angular deviations of edge pairs
Poisson effect of edge pairs
Assembly of elasticity matrix
Numerical results
Conclusion and future work

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