Abstract
The recent study deals with the numerical analysis of an unsteady Maxwell nanofluid flow passing through a porous stretch surface with slip boundary condition with chemical reaction effect using Buongiorno's mathematical model. The water based fluid and the gold nanoparticles (Au) are preferred for this study. The similarity transformations are applied to renovate the governing model equations into a set of ordinary non-linear differential equations. The solutions of the coupled non-linear dimensionless equations are numerically decoded using the Nachtsheim-Swigert shooting method together with the Runge-Kutta iterative technique for various values of the flow control parameters. In addition, the built-in function bvp4c of MATLAB is used to enhance the consistency of numerical results. The numerical results are graphically demonstrated and narrated from the physical point of view for the non-dimensional velocity, temperature and concentration profiles, as well as the local coefficient of skin friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number for different parameters of materials, such as the volume fraction parameter, Deborah number, unsteadiness, slip, stretching, suction and chemical reaction parameters. It is witnessed that the heat transfer rate is widely controlled by the Deborah number for Au-water nanofluid. The outcomes of this analysis clearly indicate the considerable influence of the suction imposed in the model.
Highlights
The low thermal conductivity of traditional heat transfer fluids like water, engine oil and ethylene glycol is a grave limitation in developing the performance, efficiency and solidity of modern engineering equipments
Recent researchers have identified that the replacement of conventional coolants with nanofluids may be advantageous for improving the competence of heat transfer in the nuclear space and engineering, chillers, domestic refrigerators/freezers; and cooling of engine and microelectronics (Sridhara and Satapathy, 2011)
The numerical calculations of the velocity, temperature, concentration and heat transfer profiles are executed for water-based nanofluids using 5% volume fraction containing different solid nanoparticles (Ag, Cu, Al2O3, TiO2 and Au) one by one, in Fig. 3 to 8
Summary
The low thermal conductivity of traditional heat transfer fluids like water, engine oil and ethylene glycol is a grave limitation in developing the performance, efficiency and solidity of modern engineering equipments. Nanofluids engineered by stably suspending and uniformly dispersing a small amount of nano-sized (between 1 and 100 nm in diameter) ultrafine metallic, nonmetallic or ceramic particles in ordinary heat transfer fluids are the newly invented heat transport fluids containing thermal conductivity to a great extent at low concentration than traditional fluids. This idea of colloidal suspension in regular fluid, as a concept of nanofluid, was first developed by Choi and Eastman (1995). As a part of these researches, Buongiorno (2006) composed a precise model to investigate the heat transfer by convection in nanofluids taking into account the effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis diffusion
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