Abstract
Pulse tube cryocoolers have been widely used for cooling infrared sensors, superconducting and gas liquefaction. An active phase shifter allows the phase angle between the pressure and the mass flow rate to be varied, thus high efficiency and better performance can be achieved. In this work, a CFD technique using dynamic meshing was adopted to investigate the oscillating flow and performance sensitivity of an in-line pulse tube cryocooler with an active phase shifter. A high performance computer (HPC) was used for the 2D simulation. The effect of phase angle, operating frequency, pressure drop, and fill pressure were studied. The pulse tube cryocooler appears to have an optimal operating frequency (55 Hz) and displacement phase angle (40 deg) between compressor and displacer. A fill pressure of 28 bar leads to better performance than 24 bar and 20 bar. The CFD results are validated by the experimental results of a prototype in-line pulse tube cryocooler.
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