Abstract
The hydrologic characteristic of a permeable friction course (PFC) pavement is dependent on the rainfall intensity, pavement geometric design, and porous asphalt properties. Herein, the hydrologic characteristic of PFC pavements of various lengths and slopes was determined via numerical analysis. A series of analyses was conducted using length values of 10, 15, 20, and 30 m and slope values of 0.5%, 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% for the equivalent water flow path. The PFC pavements were simulated for various values of rainfall intensity, which ranged from 10 to 120 mm/h, to determine the time taken for water to flow over the PFC pavement surface. The results show that the time for water overflow decreased when the pavement length or rainfall intensity increased, and it increased when the slope increased. Finally, a series of design charts was developed to determine the time taken for water to flow over the PFC pavement surface for given rainfall intensities. Since this study was conducted based on numerical analysis, further studies are recommended to verify experimentally the results presented.
Highlights
In recent years, permeable pavements have been used widely, and they have played an essential role in controlling rainwater quantity and quality in urban areas [1,2,3]
The permeable friction course (PFC) pavement or open-graded friction course pavement refers to a type of porous asphalt laid on the surface layer of conventional impermeable asphalt pavement, and it is increasingly becoming popular in many countries [5]
The time at which surface ponding is initiated, known as the time taken for water flow over the PFC pavement surface, is an important factor that contributes to the calculation of the peak flow [14]
Summary
Permeable pavements have been used widely, and they have played an essential role in controlling rainwater quantity and quality in urban areas [1,2,3]. Tan et al [9] used a finite element program to investigate the effect of geometric design (Sx, Sy, T, and W) and rainfall intensity (I) on the hydrologic characteristic of PFC pavements They assumed that the permeability (k) of porous asphalt was 20 mm/s. The authors figured that the porous asphalt and permeable interlocking paver specimens provided the same time taken results They concluded that the time taken for water flow over the PFC pavement has a strong relationship with the removal rate of pollutants. The aim of this study is to determine the time taken for water flow over the PFC pavement surface and the effects of the geometric design and rainfall intensity on it using numerical analysis. Based on the results of this study, the hydrologic characteristic of the PFC pavement was evaluated and compared
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