Abstract
Application of CuO-water nanofluid with size of the nanoparticles of 20 nm and volume concentrations up 2% is numerically investigated in a radiator of Chevrolet Suburban diesel engine under turbulent flow conditions. The heat transfer relations between airflow and nanofluid coolant have been obtained to evaluate local convective and overall heat transfer coefficients and also pumping power for nanofluid flowing in the radiator with a given heat exchange capacity. In the present study, the effects of the automotive speed and Reynolds number of the nanofluid in the different volume concentrations on the radiator performance are also investigated. The results show that for CuO-water nanofluid at 2% volume concentration circulating through the flat tubes with Renf = 6000 while the automotive speed is 70 km/hr, the overall heat transfer coefficient and pumping power are approximately 10% and 23.8% more than that of base fluid for given conditions, respectively.
Highlights
Cooling is one of the top technical challenges to obtain the best automotive design in multiple aspects
The results show that for CuO-water nanofluid at 2% volume concentration circulating through the flat tubes with Renf = 6000 while the automotive speed is 70 km/hr, the overall heat transfer coefficient and pumping power are approximately 10% and 23.8% more than that of base fluid for given conditions, respectively
Results show that the heat transfer coefficient and Nusselt number can be enhanced by adding nanoparticles to the base fluid
Summary
Cooling is one of the top technical challenges to obtain the best automotive design in multiple aspects (performance, fuel consumption, aesthetics, safety, etc.). Leong et al [5] have studied the application of nanofluids as working fluids in shell and tube heat recovery exchangers in a biomass heating plant and showed that about 7.8% of the heat transfer enhancement could be achieved with the addition of 1% copper nanoparticles in ethylene glycol based fluid at 26.3 kg/s and 111.6 kg/s mass flow rate for flue gas and coolant, respectively. In 2012 Saeedinia et al [7] applied CuO-base oil particles varying in the range of 0.2% - 2% inside a circular tube and showed that the CuO nanoparticles suspended in base-oil increases the heat transfer coefficient even for a very low particle concentration of 0.2% volume concentration They found a maximum heat transfer coefficient enhancement of 12.7% for 2% CuO nanofluid. It shall be noted that metal oxides such as CuO nanoparticles are chemically more stable than their metallic counterparts
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