Abstract
Abstract To understand tip opening of a hydrogen–air Bunsen flame, the detailed flow, temperature and concentration fields of the flame were studied based on numerical calculations that use the exact transport properties and the full chemical reaction mechanism. The study has revealed that the local chemical reactions along the flame cone portion do not remain uniform; the H2 consumption rate decreases in the downstream direction. The lowering H2 concentration of the mixture coming into the cone, caused by the radial outward diffusion of mobile H2 molecules, leads to the slowdown of the main H2-consuming reactions downstream and causes the breakdown of the reaction at the downstream end of the cone. This is the tip opening.
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