Numerical Study of the Turbulent Forced Convection Jet Flow of Nanofluid in a Converging Duct

Abstract

In this article, two-dimensional incompressible turbulent nanofluid flow in a confined converging jet is numerically investigated. The finite volume method and the Rhie and Chow interpolation with a collocated mesh is used for solving the governing equations. Thermal conductivity and viscosity of nanofluid are temperature-dependant properties. Results have been obtained for the flow structure at different Reynolds numbers for steady and unsteady asymmetric jet development at various values of the duct-to-jet width ratio (aspect ratio) and different volume fractions of nanoparticles. Headbox is an example of flow in a converging channel. The headbox is a critical component in the papermaking system. The present computations are in very good agreement with experimental and numerical results in the open literature. The results show that by increasing the Reynolds number, aspect ratio, and volume fraction the average Nusselt number will increase.